He then served in the Caucasus and in Syria and just before the armistice in 1918 he was placed in command of the Lightning Army group in Syria. Mustafa Kemal explained his state of mind as he accepted this great responsibility: "Indeed, it was not easy to shoulder such responsibility, but as I had decided not to live to see my country's destruction, I accepted it proudly". During the battle, Mustafa Kemal was hit by shrapnel above the heart, but a watch in his breast pocket saved his life. This was when the Allied landings in the Dardanelles (Çanakkale Bogazi) took place and he personally saved the situation in Gallipoli. In the First World War he was in command of the Turkish forces at Anafartalar at a critical moment. He was made Commander of the Anafartalar Group on 8th of August, 1915. When Mustafa Kemal was in Sofia, the First World War broke out. At the end of the Balkan War, Mustafa Kemal was appointed military attache in Sofia. He served in the Balkan War as a successful Commander (1912-1914).
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While he was still in Libya, the Balkan War broke out. On his own initiative, he went to Tripoli during the war with Italy in 1911 and took part in the defense of Derne and Tobruk. Mustafa Kemal and his friends founded a society which they called "Vatan ve Hürriyet" (Fatherland and Freedom) in Damascus. He was graduated from the Academy with the rank of captain on the 11th of January, 1905. After finishing the Military Academy, Mustafa Kemal went on to the General Staff College in 1902. In 1895, after finishing the Military Middle School, Mustafa Kemal entered the Military High School (Askeri Idadisi ) in Manastir.Īfter successfully completing his studies at the Manastir Military School, Mustafa Kemal went to Istanbul and on the 13th of March 1899 he entered the infantry class of the Military Academy (Harbiye Harp Okulu). He entered the Military Middle School in Salonika. It was finally decided that he should live with his mother's sister in Salonika.
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Mustafa worked on the farm but his mother began to worry about his lack of schooling. Mustafa and his mother went to live with his uncle in the countryside. But Mustafa lost his father at an early age, he had to leave school. For his primary education, he went to the school of Semsi Efendi in Salonika. Mustafa Kemal was born in 1881 in Salonika (Selanik, today in Greece, then under the Ottoman rule). Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 - 1938) was the founder and the first President of the Republic of Turkey. Archived frae the original on 3 September 2011.
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The Ottoman Empire uised twa calendars: the Hijri calendar an the Rumî calendar.
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Mustafa Kemal’s precise birth date isna kent. Mustafa Kemal wis born in the Ottoman ceety o Salonika ( Turkis: Selânik, modren-day Thessaloniki, Greece) tae Ali Rıza Efendi an Zübeyde Hanım. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, born Ali Rıza oğlu Mustafa ( ( adoptit) – 10 November, 1938) wis an airmy officer, revolutionary statesman, the foonder o the Republic o Turkey an its first Preses. Salonica, Salonica Vilayet, Ottoman EmpireĮthnografie Museum, Ankara (21 November 1938 – 10 November 1953)Īnıtkabir, Ankara (frae 10 November 1953)Īssociation for the Defence o the Richts o Anatolie an Rumelie (Republican Fowk's Pairty efter 1923) 1st Prime Meenister o the Govrenment o the Grand Naitional Assemmlyġst Speaker o the Grand Naitional Assemmly o Turkeyġst Leader o the Republican Fowk's Pairty